'\" te
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.TH ACCT 8 "August 29, 2021"
.SH NAME
acct, acctdisk, acctdusg, accton, acctwtmp, closewtmp, utmp2wtmp \- overview of
accounting and miscellaneous accounting commands
.SH SYNOPSIS
.nf
\fB/usr/lib/acct/acctdisk\fR
.fi

.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/lib/acct/acctdusg\fR [\fB-u\fR \fIfilename\fR] [\fB-p\fR \fIfilename\fR]
.fi

.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/lib/acct/accton\fR [\fIfilename\fR]
.fi

.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/lib/acct/acctwtmp\fR \fIreason\fR \fIfilename\fR
.fi

.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/lib/acct/closewtmp\fR
.fi

.LP
.nf
\fB/usr/lib/acct/utmp2wtmp\fR
.fi

.SH DESCRIPTION
Accounting software is structured as a set of tools (consisting of both C
programs and shell procedures) that can be used to build accounting systems.
\fBacctsh\fR(8) describes the set of shell procedures built on top of the C
programs.
.sp
.LP
Connect time accounting is handled by various programs that write records into
\fB/var/adm/wtmpx\fR, as described in \fButmpx\fR(5). The programs described in
\fBacctcon\fR(8) convert this file into session and charging records, which
are then summarized by \fBacctmerg\fR(8).
.sp
.LP
Process accounting is performed by the system kernel. Upon termination of a
process, one record per process is written to a file (normally
\fB/var/adm/pacct\fR). The programs in \fBacctprc\fR(8) summarize this data
for charging purposes; \fBacctcms\fR(8) is used to summarize command usage.
Current process data may be examined using \fBacctcom\fR(1).
.sp
.LP
Process accounting records and connect time accounting records (or any
accounting records in the \fBtacct\fR format described in \fBacct.h\fR(3HEAD))
can be merged and summarized into total accounting records by \fBacctmerg\fR
(see \fBtacct\fR format in \fBacct.h\fR(3HEAD)). \fBprtacct\fR (see
\fBacctsh\fR(8)) is used to format any or all accounting records.
.sp
.LP
\fBacctdisk\fR reads lines that contain user \fBID\fR, login name, and number
of disk blocks and converts them to total accounting records that can be merged
with other accounting records. \fBacctdisk\fR returns an error if the input
file is corrupt or improperly formatted.
.sp
.LP
\fBacctdusg\fR reads its standard input (usually from \fBfind\fR \fB/\fR
\fB-\fR\fBprint\fR) and computes disk resource consumption (including indirect
blocks) by login.
.sp
.LP
\fBaccton\fR without arguments turns process accounting off. If \fIfilename\fR
is given, it must be the name of an existing file, to which the kernel appends
process accounting records (see \fBacct\fR(2) and \fBacct.h\fR(3HEAD)).
.sp
.LP
\fBacctwtmp\fR writes a \fButmpx\fR(5) record to \fIfilename\fR. The record
contains the current time and a string of characters that describe the
\fIreason\fR. A record type of \fBACCOUNTING\fR is assigned (see
\fButmpx\fR(5)) \fIreason\fR must be a string of 11 or fewer characters,
numbers, \fB$\fR, or spaces. For example, the following are suggestions for use
in reboot and shutdown procedures, respectively:
.sp
.in +2
.nf
acctwtmp "acctg on" /var/adm/wtmpx
acctwtmp "acctg off" /var/adm/wtmpx
.fi
.in -2

.sp
.LP
For each user currently logged on, \fBclosewtmp\fR puts a false
\fBDEAD_PROCESS\fR record in the \fB/var/adm/wtmpx\fR file. \fBrunacct\fR (see
\fBrunacct\fR(8)) uses this false \fBDEAD_PROCESS\fR record so that the
connect accounting procedures can track the time used by users logged on before
\fBrunacct\fR was invoked.
.sp
.LP
For each user currently logged on, \fBrunacct\fR uses \fButmp2wtmp\fR to create
an entry in the file \fB/var/adm/wtmpx\fR, created by \fBrunacct\fR. Entries in
\fB/var/adm/wtmpx\fR enable subsequent invocations of \fBrunacct\fR to account
for connect times of users currently logged in.
.SH OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-u\fR \fIfilename\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 15n
Places in \fIfilename\fR records consisting of those filenames for which
\fBacctdusg\fR charges no one (a potential source for finding users trying to
avoid disk charges).
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB-p\fR \fIfilename\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 15n
Specifies a password file, \fIfilename\fR. This option is not needed if the
password file is \fB/etc/passwd\fR.
.RE

.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
If any of the \fBLC_*\fR variables (\fBLC_TYPE\fR, \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR,
\fBLC_TIME\fR, \fBLC_COLLATE\fR, \fBLC_NUMERIC\fR, and \fBLC_MONETARY\fR) (see
\fBenviron\fR(7)) are not set in the environment, the operational behavior of
\fBacct\fR for each corresponding locale category is determined by the value of
the \fBLANG\fR environment variable. If \fBLC_ALL\fR is set, its contents are
used to override both the \fBLANG\fR and the other \fBLC_*\fR variables. If
none of the above variables are set in the environment, the "C" (U.S. style)
locale determines how \fBacct\fR behaves.
.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBLC_CTYPE\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 12n
Determines how \fBacct\fR handles characters. When \fBLC_CTYPE\fR is set to a
valid value, \fBacct\fR can display and handle text and filenames containing
valid characters for that locale. \fBacct\fR can display and handle Extended
Unix Code (EUC) characters where any  character can be 1, 2, or 3 bytes wide.
\fBacct\fR can also handle EUC characters of 1, 2, or more column widths. In
the "C" locale, only characters from ISO 8859-1 are valid.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fBLC_TIME\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 12n
Determines how \fBacct\fR handles date and time formats. In the "C" locale,
date and time handling follows the U.S. rules.
.RE

.SH FILES
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/etc/passwd\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 18n
Used for login name to user \fBID\fR conversions.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/usr/lib/acct\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 18n
Holds all accounting commands listed in section 8 of this manual.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/var/adm/pacct\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 18n
Current process accounting file.
.RE

.sp
.ne 2
.na
\fB\fB/var/adm/wtmpx\fR\fR
.ad
.RS 18n
History of user access and administration information.
.RE

.SH SEE ALSO
.BR acctcom (1),
.BR acct (2),
.BR acct.h (3HEAD),
.BR passwd (5),
.BR utmpx (5),
.BR attributes (7),
.BR environ (7),
.BR acctcms (8),
.BR acctcon (8),
.BR acctmerg (8),
.BR acctprc (8),
.BR acctsh (8),
.BR fwtmp (8),
.BR runacct (8)
.sp
.LP
\fI\fR
